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Pokies maths

Pokies RTP and house edge: what the percentage really tells you

Short answer

RTP is the theoretical share of total wagers returned across a very large amount of play. House edge is the remainder. A 95% RTP does not mean a player gets $95 back from a $100 session.

Pokies outcomes are random within the game design, but the paytable is built so expected payouts are lower than expected wagers. That gap funds the game and venue.

The speed of play matters. A small edge applied to high turnover can create a meaningful expected cost, and repeated wins re-bet into the machine count again as new wagers.

01

How RTP is calculated

RTP is based on a model or test across many outcomes. It combines frequent small wins, rare large wins and losing spins.

It does not describe the timing of those outcomes for one person.

02

Volatility

Low-volatility games tend to produce smaller, more frequent returns; high-volatility games tend to produce longer dry periods and occasional larger outcomes.

Neither volatility level removes the edge. Choose only with a fixed entertainment budget.

03

Hit frequency and losses disguised as wins

A hit can pay less than the amount wagered. The machine may celebrate the event even though the balance decreased.

Track the balance, not animation or sound, and avoid interpreting frequent small hits as profit.

04

Progressive jackpots

Part of the wager may fund a jackpot pool. The headline prize can be large, but the chance of winning is very small.

Do not increase stake or play duration because a jackpot looks overdue. Independent random events do not remember prior losses.

05

Bet size, lines and turnover

A machine can let the player change denomination, number of lines or total stake. The relevant cost is the total wager shown before each spin, not the smallest denomination printed on a button.

Turnover grows with bet size and speed. One dollar wagered 300 times is $300 of total action even if the player began with far less cash because intermediate wins were re-bet. Multiply the total stake by the approximate number of spins to understand exposure.

06

A workable session plan

Set a cash limit and time limit, choose a slow pace, and never withdraw more money to recover a loss.

If the planned amount is lost, the session is finished. If a win occurs, it does not increase the amount you can safely lose.

Quick answers

Frequently asked questions

What is a good RTP?

A higher RTP means a lower theoretical house edge under the stated configuration, but it does not guarantee a better short session.

Can a pokie be due to pay?

Random outcomes do not become due because of previous losses.

Why did I lose with a 96% RTP?

The percentage applies over very large samples and includes rare wins. Short-term results can vary widely.

Primary sources

Check the current information

Rules, venue conditions and regulatory status can change. These links go to official organisations or the venue itself.

Continue the research

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